Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
Assistant Professor, Department of Criminal Law and Criminology, Islamic Azad University, Semnan branch
2
PhD Criminal Law and Criminology, Semnan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Semnan, Iran
3
PhD student in Criminal Law and Criminology, Semnan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Semnan, Iran
4
Master's Student in Media Management,, Payam Noor University, West Tehran Electronics Branch, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
The following article examines the complex and multifaceted phenomenon of "shadow government" and examines its interactions or conflicts with the official government from the perspective of political pathology and relies on the Criminal Sociology approach of organizations and institutions. The shadow government, as an invisible but powerful structure, overshadows the weakness of government structures, systematic corruption, or inefficiency of official institutions, and sometimes even transcends the boundaries of the official government. This phenomenon, which sometimes manifests its power in the form of mafia networks, influential groups, or informal organizations, not only disrupts the political and social order, but also acts as a serious threat to the rule of law and legitimacy of the established state. With a descriptive and analytical look, it guides us in this direction, which, emphasizing the need to strengthen government institutions, Transparency in decision-making processes, and the relentless fight against corruption, offers solutions to counter this ominous phenomenon. The creation of strong regulatory mechanisms, strengthening public participation, and increasing social awareness are among the solutions that can weaken the shadow government and strengthen the foundations of the rule of law. This research, with an in-depth and analytical look, attempts to illuminate the hidden corners of this dangerous phenomenon and provide ways out of this great political and social challenge.
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